Batteries

Objectif

• obtenir des batteries au prix le plus bas possible, impliquant probablement un assemblage maison de cellules
• acquérir des connaissances dans le domaine des batteries, faire les choses selon les normes en vigueur, ne pas compromettre la sécurité

Applications

Off-grid_power_supply, Assistance_électrique_du_Long_André, Multicopter

Types de batteries Lithium-ion

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_battery_types

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium-ion_battery

Handheld electronics mostly use LIBs based on lithium cobalt oxide (LiCoO2), which offers high energy density, but presents safety risks, especially when damaged.

Lithium iron phosphate (LiFePO4), Lithium ion manganese oxide battery (LMnO or LMO) and lithium nickel manganese cobalt oxide (LiNiMnCoO2 or NMC) offer lower energy density, but longer lives and inherent safety. Such batteries are widely used for electric tools, medical equipment and other roles. NMC in particular is a leading contender for automotive applications.

Lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide (LiNiCoAlO2 or NCA) and lithium titanate (Li4Ti5O12 or LTO) are specialty designs aimed at particular niche roles.

The new lithium sulphur batteries promise the highest performance to weight ratio.

Formes

Li-ion cells (as distinct from entire batteries) are available in various shapes, which can generally be divided into four groups:

1. Small cylindrical (solid body without terminals, such as those used in laptop batteries)
2. Large cylindrical (solid body with large threaded terminals)
3. Pouch (soft, flat body, such as those used in cell phones)
4. Prismatic (semi-hard plastic case with large threaded terminals, such as vehicles' traction packs)

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_polymer_battery

A lithium polymer battery, or more correctly lithium-ion polymer battery (abbreviated variously as LiPo, LIP, Li-poly and others), is a rechargeable battery of lithium-ion technology in a pouch format. Unlike cylindrical and prismatic cells, LiPos come in a soft package or pouch, which makes them lighter but also less rigid.

[...] "polymer" refers more to a "polymer casing" (that is, the soft, external container) rather than a "polymer electrolyte". While the design is usually flat, and lightweight, it is not truly a polymer cell, since the electrolyte is still in liquid form, although it may be "plasticized" or "gelled" through a polymer additive.

Modèles de location

Puisque c'est un modèle commercial qui est pratiqué (en particulier s'agissant de certains véhicules électriques), il vaudrait la peine de le décrire/comprendre afin d'en tenir compte et de ne pas passer à côté de solutions économiquement intéressantes.

Ressources

https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Rechargeable_battery