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Batteries

1,421 bytes added, 21:24, 17 April 2016
/* LiFePO4 */
http://batteryuniversity.com/learn/article/types_of_lithium_ion
 
''high current rating and long cycle life, besides good thermal stability, enhanced safety and tolerance if abused.''
 
''Li-phosphate is more tolerant to full charge conditions and is less stressed than other lithium-ion systems if kept at high voltage for a prolonged time. As a trade-off, the lower voltage of 3.2V/cell reduces the specific energy to less than that of Li-manganese. With most batteries, cold temperature reduces performance and elevated storage temperature shortens the service life, and Li-phosphate is no exception. Li-phosphate has a higher self-discharge than other Li-ion batteries, which can cause balancing issues with aging.''
 
''Four cells in series produce 12.80V, a similar voltage to six 2V lead acid cells in series. Vehicles charge lead acid to 14.40V (2.40V/cell) and maintain a topping charge. With four Li-phosphate cells in series, each cell tops at 3.60V, which is the correct full-charge voltage. At this point, the charge should be disconnected but the topping charge continues while driving. Li-phosphate is tolerant to some overcharge; however, keeping the voltage at 14.40V for a prolonged time, as most vehicles do on a long drive, could stress Li-phosphate. Cold temperature operation starting could also be an issue with Li-phosphate as a starter battery.''
 
''Li-phosphate has excellent safety and long life span but moderate specific energy and elevated self-discharge.''
== [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium_ion_manganese_oxide_battery LMnO / LMO] ==
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