Changes

Batteries

525 bytes added, 21:26, 17 April 2016
/* Batteries Lithium-ion */
! LMnO / LMO
! LiNiMnCoO2 / NMC
! LiFePO4
|-
|Voltages
|3.70V (3.80V) nominal; typical operating range 3.0–4.2V/cell
|3.60V, 3.70V nominal; typical operating range 3.0–4.2V/cell, or higher
|3.20, 3.30V nominal; typical operating range 2.5–3.65V/cell
|-
|Specific energy (capacity)
|100–150Wh/kg
|150–220Wh/kg
|90–120Wh/kg
|-
|Charge (C-rate)
|0.7–1C typical, 3C maximum, charges to 4.20V (most cells)
|0.7–1C, charges to 4.20V, some go to 4.30V; 3h charge typical. Charge current above 1C shortens battery life.
|1C typical, charges to 3.65V; 3h charge time typical
|-
|Discharge (C-rate)
|1C; 10C possible with some cells, 30C pulse (5s), 2.50V cut-off
|1C; 2C possible on some cells; 2.50V cut-off
|1C, 25C on some cells; 40A pulse (2s); 2.50V cut-off (lower that 2V causes damage)
|-
|Cycle life
|300–700 (related to depth of discharge, temperature)
|1000–2000 (related to depth of discharge, temperature)
|1000–2000 (related to depth of discharge, temperature)
|-
|250°C typical. High charge promotes thermal runaway
|210°C typical. High charge promotes thermal runaway
|270°C Very safe battery even if fully charged
|-
|Applications
|Power tools, medical devices, electric powertrains
|E-bikes, medical devices, EVs, industrial
|Portable and stationary needing high load currents and endurance
|-
|Comments
|High power but less capacity; safer than Li-cobalt; commonly mixed with NMC to improve performance.
|Provides high capacity and high power. Serves as Hybrid Cell. Favorite chemistry for many uses; market share is increasing.
|Very flat voltage discharge curve but low capacity. One of safest Li-ions. Used for special markets. Elevated self-discharge.
|}
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