= Batteries Lithium-ion =
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Comparison_of_battery_types
https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium-ion_battery
http://batteryuniversity.com/learn/article/types_of_lithium_ion
''While Li-aluminum (NCA) is the clear winner by storing more capacity than other systems, this only applies to specific energy.''
''In terms of specific power and thermal stability, Li-manganese (LMO) and Li-phosphate (LFP) are superior.''
''Li-titanate (LTO) may have low capacity but this chemistry outlives most other batteries in terms of life span and also has the best cold temperature performance.''
=== Sélection ===
{| class="wikitable"
|-
! caracteristics
! LMnO / LMO! LiNiMnCoO2 / NMC
! LiFePO4
! NCA
! LTO
|-
|nominal voltage [V]
|3.7 (3.8)
|3.6, 3.7
|3.2, 3.3
|3.6
|2.4
|-
|typical operating range [V/cell]
|3.0–4.2
|3.0–4.2 or higher
|2.5–3.65
|3.0–4.2
|1.8–2.85
|-
|Specific energy (capacity) [Wh/kg]
|100–150
|150–220
|90–120
|200-260; 300 predictable
|70–80
|-
|Charge (C-rate) typical
|0.7–1 C, 3 C maximum
|0.7–1 C; Charge current above 1C shortens battery life.
|1 C
|0.7 C
|1 C; 5C maximum
|-
|charges to [V]
|4.2 (most cells)
|4.2, some go to 4.3
|3.65
|4.2 (most cells)
|2.85
|-
|Charge time [h], typical
|
|3
|3
|3; fast charge possible with some cells
|
|-
|Discharge (C-rate)
|1 C; 10 C possible with some cells, 30 C pulse (5 s)
|1 C; 2 C possible on some cells
|1 C, 25 C on some cells; 40 A pulse (2 s)
|1 C typical; high discharge rate shortens battery life
|10 C possible, 30 C 5 s pulse
|-
|Discharge cut-off voltage [V]
|2.5
|2.5
|2.5 (lower that 2 V causes damage)
|3.0
|1.8
|-
|Cycle life (related to depth of discharge, temperature)
|300–700
|1000–2000
|1000–2000
|500
|3000–7000
|-
|Thermal runaway temperature [°C], typical
|250
|210
|270
|150
|
|-
|Thermal runaway, others
|High charge promotes thermal runaway
|High charge promotes thermal runaway
|Very safe battery even if fully charged
|High charge promotes thermal runaway
|One of safest Li-ion batteries
|-
|Applications
|Power tools, medical devices, electric powertrains
|E-bikes, medical devices, EVs, industrial
|Portable and stationary needing high load currents and endurance
|Medical devices, industrial, electric powertrain (Tesla)
|UPS, electric powertrain (Mitsubishi i-MiEV, Honda Fit EV), solar-powered street lighting
|-
|Comments
|High power but less capacity; safer than Li-cobalt; commonly mixed with NMC to improve performance.
|Provides high capacity and high power. Serves as Hybrid Cell. Favorite chemistry for many uses; market share is increasing.
|Very flat voltage discharge curve but low capacity. One of safest Li-ions. Used for special markets. Elevated self-discharge.
|Shares similarities with Li-cobalt. Serves as Energy Cell.
|Long life, fast charge, wide temperature range but low specific energy and expensive. Among safest Li-ion batteries.
|}
''While Li=== de côté ===LMO et NCA, mis en commentaire <!-aluminum (-{| class="wikitable"|- ! caracteristics! LMO! NCA|- |nominal voltage [V]|3.7 (3.8) is the clear winner by storing more |3.6|- |typical operating range [V/cell]|3.0–4.2|3.0–4.2|- |Specific energy (capacity than other systems) [Wh/kg]|100–150|200-260; 300 predictable |- |Charge (C-rate) typical|0.7–1 C, this only applies 3 C maximum|0.7 C|- |charges to specific energy[V]|4.'' 2 (most cells)|4.2 (most cells)''In terms of specific power and thermal stability|- |Charge time [h], Litypical||3; fast charge possible with some cells |-manganese |Discharge (LMO) and LiC-phosphate rate)|1 C; 10 C possible with some cells, 30 C pulse (LFP5 s) are superior|1 C typical; high discharge rate shortens battery life |- |Discharge cut-off voltage [V]|2.'' 5|3.0''Li|-titanate |Cycle life (LTO) may have low capacity but this chemistry outlives most other batteries in terms related to depth of life span and also has the best cold discharge, temperature )|300–700|500|- |Thermal runaway temperature [°C], typical|250|150|- |Thermal runaway, others|High charge promotes thermal runaway|High charge promotes thermal runaway |- |Applications|Power tools, medical devices, electric powertrains|Medical devices, industrial, electric powertrain (Tesla) |- |Comments|High power but less capacity; safer than Li-cobalt; commonly mixed with NMC to improve performance.''|Shares similarities with Li-cobalt. Serves as Energy Cell. |}-->
== [https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Lithium-ion_battery#Shapes Formes] ==
== de côté ==
LMO et NCA, mis en commentaire <!--
=== NCA ===
''Most LMO batteries blend with NMC to improve the specific energy and prolong the life span. This combination brings out the best in each system, and the LMO-NMC is chosen for most electric vehicles, such as the Nissan Leaf, Chevy Volt and BMW i3. The LMO part of the battery, which can be about 30 percent, provides high current boost on acceleration; the NMC part gives the long driving range.''
-->
= Modèles de location =